Managing Fonts in WordPress Block Themes | CSS-Tips

Fonts are a defining attribute of the design of any web site. That features WordPress themes, the place it’s widespread for theme builders to combine a service like Google Fonts into the WordPress Customizer settings for a “traditional” PHP-based theme. That hasn’t fairly been the case for WordPress block themes. Whereas integrating Google Fonts into traditional themes is well-documented, there’s nothing presently out there for block themes within the WordPress Theme Handbook.

That’s what we’re going to take a look at on this article. Block themes can certainly use Google Fonts, however the course of for registering them is manner totally different than what you might need completed earlier than in traditional themes.

What we already know

As I mentioned, there’s little for us to go on so far as getting began. The Twenty Twenty-Two theme is the primary block-based default WordPress theme, and it demonstrates how we are able to use downloaded font information as belongings within the theme. Nevertheless it’s fairly unwieldy as a result of it entails a few steps: (1) register the information within the features.php file and (2) outline the bundled fonts within the theme.json file.

Since Twenty Twenty-Two was launched, although, the method has gotten less complicated. Bundled fonts can now be outlined with out registering them, as proven within the Twenty Twenty-Three theme. Nevertheless, the method nonetheless requires us to manually obtain font information and bundle them into the themes. That’s a hindrance that kind of defeats the aim of straightforward, drop-in, hosted fonts which are served on a speedy CDN.

What’s new

In the event you didn’t already know, the Gutenberg challenge is an experimental plugin the place options being developed for the WordPress Block and Website Editor can be found for early use and testing. In a latest Theme Shaper article, Gutenberg challenge lead architect Matias Ventura discusses how Google Fonts — or some other downloaded fonts, for that matter — could be added to dam themes utilizing the Create Block Theme plugin.

This quick video at Study WordPress supplies an excellent overview of the Create Block Theme plugin and the way it works. However the backside line is that it does what it says on the tin: it creates block themes. Nevertheless it does it by offering controls within the WordPress UI that let you create a complete theme, little one theme, or a theme model variation with out writing any code or ever having to the touch template information.

I’ve given it a attempt! And since Create Block Theme is authored and maintained by the WordPress.org crew, I’d say it’s the most effective route we now have for integrating Google Fonts right into a theme. That mentioned, it’s positively value noting that the plugin is in lively growth. Which means issues may change fairly rapidly.

Earlier than I get to the way it all works, let’s first briefly refresh ourselves with the “conventional” course of for including Google Fonts to traditional WordPress themes.

The way it was completed

This ThemeShaper article from 2014 supplies a wonderful instance of how we used to do that in traditional PHP themes, as is this newer Cloudways article by Ibad Ur Rehman.

To refresh our reminiscence, right here is an instance from the default Twenty Seventeen theme exhibiting how Google fonts are enqueued within the features.php file.

perform twentyseventeen_fonts_url() {
  $fonts_url="";
  /**
   * Translators: If there are characters in your language that aren't
   * supported by Libre Franklin, translate this to 'off'. Don't translate
   * into your individual language.
   */
  $libre_franklin = _x( 'on', 'libre_franklin font: on or off', 'twentyseventeen' );
  if ( 'off' !== $libre_franklin ) ', $font_families ) ),
      'subset' => urlencode( 'latin,latin-ext' ),
    );
    $fonts_url = add_query_arg( $query_args, 'https://fonts.googleapis.com/css' );
  
  return esc_url_raw( $fonts_url );
}

Then Google Fonts is pre-connected to the theme like this:

perform twentyseventeen_resource_hints( $urls, $relation_type ) {
  if ( wp_style_is( 'twentyseventeen-fonts', 'queue' ) && 'preconnect' === $relation_type ) {
    $urls[] = array(
      'href' => 'https://fonts.gstatic.com',
      'crossorigin',
    );
  }
  return $urls;
}
add_filter( 'wp_resource_hints', 'twentyseventeen_resource_hints', 10, 2 );

What’s flawed with the standard manner

Nice, proper? There’s a hitch, nevertheless. In January 2022, a German regional court docket imposed a advantageous on a web site proprietor for violating Europe’s GDPR necessities. The difficulty? Enqueuing Google Fonts on the location uncovered a customer’s IP tackle, jeopardizing consumer privateness. CSS-Tips coated this some time again.

The Create Block Theme plugin satisfies GDPR privateness necessities, because it leverages the Google Fonts API to serve solely as a proxy for the native vendor. The fonts are served to the consumer on the identical web site slightly than on Google’s servers, defending privateness. WP Tavern discusses the German court docket ruling and contains hyperlinks to guides for self-hosting Google Fonts.

Find out how to use Google Fonts with block themes

This brings us to as we speak’s “fashionable” manner of utilizing Google Fonts with WordPress block themes. First, let’s arrange an area take a look at web site. I take advantage of Flywheel’s Native app for native growth. You need to use that or no matter you favor, then use the Theme Take a look at Knowledge plugin by the WordPress Themes Staff to work with dummy content material. And, after all, you’ll need the Create Block Theme plugin in there as effectively.

Have you ever put in and activated these plugins? In that case, navigate to Look → Handle theme fonts from the WordPress admin menu.

The “Handle theme fonts” display screen shows an inventory of any fonts already outlined within the theme’s theme.json file. There are additionally two choices on the high of the display screen:

• Add Google fonts. This feature provides Google Fonts on to the theme from the Google fonts API.
• Add native fonts. This feature provides downloaded font information to the theme.

I’m utilizing a very clean theme by WordPress known as Emptytheme. You’re welcome to roll together with your individual theme, however I needed to name out that I’ve renamed Emptytheme to “EMPTY-BLANK” and modified it, so there are not any predefined fonts and types in any respect.

I believed I’d share a screenshot of my theme’s file construction and theme.json file to indicate that there are actually no types or configurations happening.

Let’s click on the “Add Google Fonts” button. It takes us to a brand new web page with choices to decide on any out there font from the present Google Fonts API.

For this demo, I chosen Inter from the menu of choices and chosen the 300, Common, and 900 weights from the preview display screen:

As soon as I’ve saved my choices, the Inter font types I chosen are mechanically downloaded and saved within the theme’s belongings/fonts folder:

Discover, too, how these choices have been mechanically written to the theme.json file in that screenshot. The Create Block Theme plugin even provides the trail to the font information.

{
  "model": 2,
  "settings": {
    "appearanceTools": true,
    "structure": {
      "contentSize": "840px",
      "wideSize": "1100px"
    },
    "typography": {
      "fontFamilies": [
        {
          "fontFamily": "Inter",
          "slug": "inter",
          "fontFace": [
            {
              "fontFamily": "Inter",
              "fontStyle": "normal",
              "fontWeight": "300",
              "src": [
                "file:./assets/fonts/inter_300.ttf"
              ]
            },
            {
              "fontFamily": "Inter",
              "fontStyle": "regular",
              "fontWeight": "900",
              "src": [
                "file:./assets/fonts/inter_900.ttf"
              ]
            },
            {
              "fontFamily": "Inter",
              "fontStyle": "regular",
              "fontWeight": "400",
              "src": [
                "file:./assets/fonts/inter_regular.ttf"
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

If we go to the Create Block Theme’s most important display screen and click on the Handle theme fonts button once more, we are going to see Inter’s 300, 400 (Common), and 900 weight variants displayed within the preview panel.

A demo textual content preview field on the high even means that you can preview the chosen fonts inside the sentence, header, and paragraph with the font dimension choice slider. You may take a look at this new function in motion in this GitHub video.

The chosen font(s) are additionally out there within the Website Editor International Types (Look → Editor), particularly within the Design panel.

From right here, navigate to Templates → Index and click on the blue Edit button to edit the index.html template. We wish to open the International Types settings, that are represented as a distinction icon positioned on the top-right of the display screen. After we click on the Textual content settings and open the Font menu within the Typography part… we see Inter!

Identical factor, however with native fonts

We might as effectively have a look at including native fonts to a theme because the Create Block Theme plugin supplies that possibility. The profit is that you should utilize any font file you need from no matter font service you favor.

With out the plugin, we’d must seize our font information, drop them someplace within the theme folder, then resort to the standard PHP route of enqueuing them within the features.php file. However we are able to let WordPress carry that burden for us by importing the font file on the Add native fonts display screen utilizing the Create Block Theme interface. As soon as a file is chosen to add, font face definitions containers are crammed mechanically.

Although we are able to use any .ttf, .woff, or .woff2 file, I merely downloaded Open Sans font information from Google Fonts for this train. I snatched two weight variations, common and 800.

The identical auto-magical file administration and theme.json replace we noticed with the Google Fonts possibility occurs as soon as once more after we add the font information (that are completed separately). Try the place the fonts landed in my theme folder and the way they’re added to theme.json:

Eradicating fonts

The plugin additionally permits us to take away font information from a block theme from the WordPress admin. Let’s delete one of many Open Sans variants we put in within the final part to see how that works.

Clicking the Take away hyperlinks triggers a warning so that you can verify the deletion. We’ll click on OK to proceed.

Let’s open our theme folder and verify the theme.json file. Certain sufficient, the Open Sans 800 file we deleted on the plugin display screen eliminated the font file from the theme folder, and the reference to it’s lengthy gone in theme.json.

There’s ongoing work taking place

There’s discuss happening including this “Font Supervisor” function to WordPress Core slightly than needing a separate plugin.

An preliminary iteration of the function is out there within the repo, and it makes use of the very same method we used on this article. It needs to be GDPR-compliant, too. The function is scheduled to land with WordPress 6.3 launch later this 12 months.

Wrapping up

The Create Block Theme plugin considerably enhances the consumer expertise in terms of dealing with fonts in WordPress block themes. The plugin permits us so as to add or delete any fonts whereas respecting GDPR necessities.

We noticed how choosing a Google Font or importing an area font file mechanically locations the font within the theme folder and registers it within the theme.json file. We additionally noticed how the font is an out there possibility within the International Types settings within the Website Editor. And if we have to take away a font? The plugin completely takes care of that as effectively — with out touching theme information or code.

Thanks for studying! When you’ve got any feedback or strategies, share them within the feedback. I’d like to know what you consider this potential route for font administration in WordPress.

Extra assets

I relied on plenty of analysis to jot down this text and thought I’d share the articles and assets I used to offer you further context.

WordPress font administration

GitHub points

European GDPR necessities